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Chief JosephChief Joseph, also known as Hin-mah-too-yah-lat-kekt, or Thunder Rolling Down the Mountain, was born in 1840 in the Wallowa Valley (northeastern Oregon). In 1877, when the Nez Percé were forced from their home, (thus provoking a war with the U.S. Army), he led them more than 1,500 miles over mountainous terrain. They were stopped just forty miles from the safety of the Canadian border where he gave his famous surrender speech.
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